hebrew and latin text
resources banner Faculty Graduate programs Undergraduate programs Courses Resources Events Home

CNES Slide Library

Background
Organization of the Slide Library
Using the Slide Library: borrowing and returning slides
The CNES Slide Library Data Base
Refiling Slides: using the "FILE" field
General Searches: using the "KEYWORD" field

Search Database Now

Background

Search Database Now

The CNES slide library was begun in the 1960’s by Professor William McDonald in order to support specialized courses on prehistoric and classical Greece. The collection grew modestly through the early 1990’s, with the most significant additions being the purchase of slide sets offered by the Biblical Archaeology Society and the development of a small set of slides for Classical Mythology. CNES never systematically amplified or organized the slide library because faculty had always been allowed to borrow from the broad slide library owned by the Department of Art History. In 1998 Art History moved to the West Bank, which meant much increased preparation times for many CNES faculty. In response, CNES received a three-year slide library improvement grant from CLA (plus a one-year extension) with which we could amplify and organize our collection to accommodate our curriculum.

When we began work in spring 1998, CNES owned about 2000 slides, including the glass-mounted collection of Greek and Roman archaeology and the BAS slides, all still in their various individual boxes, without explanatory labels, and in cardboard mounts. As of this writing (August 2002) CNES owns 15,997 slides (including all of the original collection), all fully integrated into a single filing system, all labelled and housed in glass mounts, and all recorded in an accessible data-base. This is a wonderful resource whose value will be maintained as long as everybody who uses the collection does so in a responsible manner. What follows is an explanation of the library’s organization along with instructions for using the accompanying data-base in order to find and refile slides.

 

Organization of the Slide Library

Search Database Now

The CNES slide library drawers are organized as follows:

  • GREECE (8 drawers, arranged alphabetically by site name)
  • ITALY (4 drawers, arranged alphabetically by site name)
  • TURKEY (1 drawer, arranged alphabetically by site name; maps, objects, and minor arts at the end)
  • IRAQ/IRAN/SYRIA (1 drawer: sites in Iraq and Syria in a single alphabetical arrangement; sites in Iran separately arranged, all listed alphabetically; maps, objects, and minor arts at the end of each section)
  • LEVANT, including Israel, Jordan, and Lebanon (9 drawers, arranged alphabetically by site name; maps, objects, and minor arts at the end)
  • EGYPT (1 drawer, arranged alphabetically by site name; maps, objects, and minor arts at the end)
  • N. EUROPE/N. AFRICA (1 drawer, arranged alphabetically by site name; maps, objects, and minor arts at the end)
  • CYPRUS AND SICILY (1 drawer with two sections, sites arranged alphabetically within each; maps, objects, and minor arts at the end of each section)
  • GREECE: OBJECTS (10 drawers, including maps)
  • ITALY: OBJECTS (4 drawers, including maps)
  • BURIALS AND SARCOPHAGI (1 drawer)

Within these drawers, slides are organized according to one of the following two principles:

 

1) By SITE (alphabetically) WITHIN MODERN COUNTRY/COUNTRIES, whenever possible. In other words, ALL of the finds from or most relevant to a particular site&endash;whether architecture, sculpture, pottery or other minor arts&endash;are filed with the site. (This is the single most significant difference between the CNES slide library and Art History’s, where the medium of an object (eg., sculpture, painting, etc.) is the primary organizing principle.) Site categories may be further subdivided as necessary, by area and/or building, period, type of representation (maps and plans, views, reconstructions), etc. Examples:

  • the small terracotta sculpture of a centaur found at Lefkandi in Euboia, Greece is filed under GREECE, LEFKANDI, FINDS (whereas in the Art History slide library, the Lefkandi centaur is filed under Sculpture, Greek, Geometric Period, animals).
  • the Attic, Corinthian, and other pottery, jewelery, and miscellaneous individual objects found within graves at Sindos, in northern Greece, are filed under GREECE, SINDOS.
  • sculptures of giants, Amazons, etc., currently housed in various European museums that are thought to be later copies of dedications given to the city of Athens by the King of Pergamon are filed under TURKEY, PERGAMON, RELATED SCULPTURAL GROUPS.
  • coins depicting the façade of the Temple of Jupiter dedicated by the emperor Hadrian on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem are filed under LEVANT, JERUSALEM, AELIA CAPITOLINA, COINS.
  • the early Hebrew abecedary ostracon from Izbet Sartah, Israel is filed under LEVANT, IZBET SARTAH.

 

2) By SPECIFIC MEDIUM WITHIN COUNTRY/CULTURAL GROUP, when site provenience is unknown. Each medium is further subdivided as necessary, by artist, subject, period, etc. Examples:

  • an Attic black figure vase by the painter Exekias is filed under GREECE, POTTERY, BLACK FIGURE, EXEKIAS.
  • a portrait head of the Roman emperor Domitian, found at Ephesus, is filed under ITALY, SCULPTURE, IMPERIAL, DOMITIAN.
  • the law code of Hammurabi is filed under SYRIA/IRAQ, INSCRIPTIONS (although another copy of the code is also filed under IRAN, SUSA, INSCRIPTIONS because that is the site at which it was found).
  • an Israelite Iron Age cooking pot is filed under LEVANT, POTTERY, IRON AGE.

 

Using the Slide Library: borrowing and returning slides

Search Database Now

The slide library is available to all CNES faculty and graduate students. Before any individual can begin to use this resource, s/he must consult with the department’s slide librarian in order to acquire “drop cards” and an individually labeled return basket. Drop cards are small squares of colored cardboard, cut slightly taller than an individual slide. A drop card MUST be inserted in the place of EVERY borrowed slide. Empty slide boxes of various sizes may be found on the tall shelves in the back corner of the room. It is better to use a box even when borrowing only a few slides, since they remain cleaner and in less danger of breakage.
Returned slides should be placed directly in the user’s assigned and labeled basket. Each week, a member of the CNES office staff will refile all slides for which there is a drop card in place. Drop cards will be returned to their individual baskets for future use.
There is no limit on the number of slides that may be borrowed. Please be considerate of fellow faculty and students by returning slides as promptly as possible after use, so that they will be available to others.

The CNES Slide Library Data Base

Search Database Now

Every single slide in the CNES collection is recorded in a FileMaker Pro data base. This data-base is web-accessible, either from the computer housed in the slide library itself or from any computer with web access. The data base is completely searchable on any field simply by typing in a country, site name, artist, etc. N.B. The data base is NOT case-specific, nor do you need to type in a complete name or word for the data base to perform a search. For example, if you are searching for the Siphnian Treasury at Delphi, you may simply type "siph" in the subject field, or "delp" in the site field.

Each individual record includes the following fields:

  • Cultural Horizon (eg., Greek, Etruscan, Herodian)
  • Country (eg., Turkey, Syria, Italy)
  • Site (eg., Paestum, Hazor, Susa)
  • Medium (eg., Architecture, Ceramic, Ivory, Stamp/Seal)
  • Artist (eg., Douris, Praxiteles)
  • Subject (eg., Eros driving a biga; Male head from sarcophagus)
  • Date (eg., Late Hellenistic, 450-425 BCE, Roman)
  • Mode (eg., aerial, detail, plan, reconstruction, elevation, model)
  • Location (eg., Ashmolean Museum, Capitoline Museum)
  • Slide Origin (see below)
  • File (see below)
  • Keyword (see below)

The "SLIDE ORIGIN" field allows users to locate any of the slides from the original (pre-1998) slide library. Two different systems are listed here. The first is the alpha-numeric system originally created by Professor McDonald and continued by his successors. This system assigned a series of numbers and letters to every slide, and each designation represented a different site and/or aspect of the site. (A hard-copy record of this system appears in four large loose-leaf binders situated above the light table in the slide room.) By typing the "old" designator (or any part of it) into the "SLIDE ORIGIN" field, one can locate where the slide is in the new filing system.

The second system recorded in the "SLIDE ORIGIN" field is the Biblical Archaeology Society’s slide set designators. The BAS slides originally came in enumerated sets with explanatory booklets containing brief descriptions of each slide, arranged in numerical order. The BAS booklets are all in the slide library, on the shelf above the light table. The slide sets and booklets had individual names and abbreviations, and these abbreviations along with specific slide numbers are listed in the "SLIDE ORIGIN" field. By typing the BAS designator (or any part of it) into the "SLIDE ORIGIN" field, one can locate where the slide is in the new filing system. One can also correlate a given slide with its explanation in the appropriate booklet. The BAS slide sets and their abbreviations are as follows:

  • Ancient Inscriptions (BAS - AI)
  • Archaeology and Religion (BAS - AR)
  • Biblical Archaeology (BAS - BA)
  • Dead Sea Scrolls (BAS - DSS)
  • Egypt-Sinai-Negev (BAS - ESN)
  • Galilee Archaeology (BAS - GA)
  • Jerusalem Archaeology (BAS - JA)
  • Mesopotamian Archaeology (BAS - MA)
  • New Testament Archaeology (BAS - NTA)
  • Supplemental New Testament Archaeology (BAS - SNTA)

The final two fields-"FILE" and "KEYWORD"-have been added to facilitate refiling and general searches. These fields are works in progress. They are not complete, and they may contain errors. Please pass on any and all suggestions and corrections to Professor Andrea Berlin (aberlin@umn.edu).

 

Refiling Slides: using the "FILE" field

Search Database Now

The "FILE" field provides the name and section of the drawer in which the slide belongs. Not every slide has been entered into this part of the system yet. The drawers that have been finished (i.e., that have information in the "FILE" field on the data base) are:

  • Greece (8 drawers)
  • Crete (1 drawer)
  • Italy (4 drawers)
  • Cyprus (half drawer)
  • Sicily (half drawer)
  • Greek objects (10 drawers; these include vase painting, sculpture, minor arts, weapons, and jewelery), landscapes and maps
  • Italy sculpture (2 drawers)

The drawers that have NOT been finished (i.e., that do not have information recorded in the "FILE" field on the data base) are:

  • Turkey (1 drawer)
  • Iraq/Iran/Syria (1 drawer)
  • the Levant (9 drawers)
  • Egypt (1 drawer)
  • Europe/North Africa (1 drawer)
  • Italian/Roman objects and miscellaneous images (eg., maps) EXCEPT sculpture

In addition to the filing information that appears in the "FILE" field, we have begun to put labels on the backs of the slides with a copy of this same information. Thus, if you have a slide with a backing label, that label directs you to the appropriate drawer. Currently, only slides for Athens have backing labels. We plan to create and attach labels to the backs of all slides. Once all slides have such backing/refiling labels, it will no longer be necessary to consult the data base for refiling information.

 

General Searches: using the "KEYWORD" field

Search Database Now

The "KEYWORD" field is designed to help users locate slides according to various names and categories that do not show up in any of the other identifying fields, or to facilitate finding groups of slides. By typing any of the following keywords into this field, the data base will list all slides in the collection that depict that subject. The following keyword names and subjects are currently in the system:

  • all major Greek and Roman deities (eg., Athena, Poseidon, Jupiter, Mars)
  • many heroes (eg., Herakles, Perseus)
  • many mythological figures and creatures (eg., Medusa, sileni, maenads)
  • many mythological/fantastic animals (eg., sphinx, centaur, chimera)
  • many real animals (eg., horse, donkey, dove, dog)
  • gold, silver, and bronze
  • vase shapes (eg., amphora, skyphos, krater)
  • weapons
  • many architectural forms (eg., temple, fortification, house)
  • warriors and soldiers

 

Return to CNES Resources